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The most common side-effects are upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, combined edema/peripheral edema and headache, respectively. Most clinical adverse events were similar between groups treated with pioglitazone in combination with metformin and those treated with pioglitazone monotherapy. [medical citation needed]
Pioglitazone is used to lower blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes either alone or in combination with sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin. [1] The effects of pioglitazone have been compared in a Cochrane systematic review to that of other blood sugar lowering-medicine, including metformin, acarbose, and repaglinide, as well as with appropriate diet and exercise, not showing any benefit in ...
[2] [1] It contains the thiazolidinedione pioglitazone and the sulfonylurea glimepiride. [2] [1] It is taken by mouth. [2] [1] The most common side effects include upper respiratory tract infections (such as colds), hypoesthesia (reduced sense of touch), bone fractures, weight gain, dizziness, flatulence (gas) and edema (swelling). [1]
Metformin is a pleiotropic drug, with extensive off-target activity beyond its antidiabetic effect. Much of this has been attributed to its action on AMPK, although other mechanisms have been proposed. [221] [222] Metformin has been studied for its effects on multiple other conditions, including: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [223] [224] [225]
Common side effects include diarrhea, headache, and upper respiratory tract infections. [5] Serious side effects may include lactic acidosis, pancreatitis, low blood sugar, heart failure, joint pain, and allergic reactions. [5] It has not been properly studied in women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. [1]
The side effects encountered are anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, metallic taste, and weight loss. Its use is contraindicated in diabetic coma, ketoacidosis, severe infection, trauma, other conditions where buformin is unlikely to control the hyperglycemia, renal or hepatic impairment, heart failure, recent myocardial infarct, dehydration ...
Racecadotril, also known as acetorphan, is an antidiarrheal medication which acts as a peripheral enkephalinase inhibitor. [3] Unlike other opioid medications used to treat diarrhea, which reduce intestinal motility, racecadotril has an antisecretory effect — it reduces the secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestine. [3]
The phase III trial for approval was published in 2000 as an industry-funded randomized, placebo-controlled trial (PCT). Its authors found 1 mg alosetron, taken orally twice daily for 12 weeks, was associated with a 12% (CI 4.7-19.2) improvement in relief from abdominal pain and discomfort associated with diarrhea-predominant patients. [4]