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Plasmodium vivax is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen.This parasite is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. [2] Although it is less virulent than Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites, P. vivax malaria infections can lead to severe disease and death, often due to splenomegaly (a pathologically enlarged spleen).
Schüffner's dots refers to a hematological finding that is associated with malaria, [1] exclusively found in infections caused by Plasmodium ovale or Plasmodium vivax. [2] Plasmodium vivax induces morphologic alterations in infected host erythrocytes that are visible by light microscopy in Romanowsky-stained blood
Plasmodium malariae is a parasitic protozoan that causes malaria in humans. It is one of several species of Plasmodium parasites that infect other organisms as pathogens, also including Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, responsible for most malarial infection.
P. vivax proportionally is more common outside Africa. [51] Some cases have been documented of human infections with several species of Plasmodium from higher apes, but except for P. knowlesi—a zoonotic species that causes malaria in macaques [52] —these are mostly of limited public health importance. [53]
Plasmodium is a eukaryote but with unusual features. The genus Plasmodium consists of all eukaryotes in the phylum Apicomplexa that both undergo the asexual replication process of merogony inside host red blood cells and produce the crystalline pigment hemozoin as a byproduct of digesting host hemoglobin. [2]
P. vivax is also known to infect orangutans [20] and the brown howler monkey (Alouatta guariba clamitans) [10] P. vivax has been reported from chimpanzees living in the wild. [13] It has been suggested that vivax infection of the great apes in Africa may act as a reservoir given the prevalence of Duffy antigen negative humans in this area. [21 ...
Subgenus Plasmodium Bray 1963 emend. Garnham 1964; Subgenus Sauramoeba Garnham 1966; Subgenus Vinckeia Garnham 1964; Genus Polychromophilus Landau et al 1984; Genus Rayella Dasgupta 1967; Genus Saurocytozoon Lainson & Shaw 1969; Genus †Vetufebrus Poinar 2011; The genus Mesnilium is the only taxon that infects fish. The genus has a single ...
The epitope Fy6 is required for P. vivax invasion. [21] The protection to P. vivax malaria conferred by the absence of the Duffy antigen appears to be very limited at best in Madagascar. Although 72% of the population are Duffy antigen negative, 8.8% of the Duffy antigen negative individuals were asymptomatic carriers of P. vivax. [66]