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Surgery to remove the tumor is associated with better outcomes, however, this is not always possible due to the proximity of the pineal gland to neurovascular structures. [3] Complete tumor resection is only seen in about 30% of cases. Following surgery, radiation therapy to the brain and spinal cord can increase survival. [2]
Papillary Tumors of the Pineal Region are located on the pineal gland which is located in the center of the brain. The pineal gland is located on roof of the diencephalon. It is a cone-shaped structure dorsal to the midbrain tectum. [3] The tumor appears to be derived from the specialized ependymal cells of the subcommissural organ.
A method for eliminating tumorous mass is surgery, where the best outcome would be total resection, meaning the complete removal of the tumor. [2] Along with the surgery, several measures that contribute to a safe procedure can be taken: urine exams, transfusion, and the constant supervision of arterial pressure. [ 2 ]
The largest recorded tumor that has ever been removed came from a woman in 1991. It weighed 302 pounds.Incredibly, the woman made a full recovery.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a malignant (cancerous) neural crest tumor. [1] It is a rare tumor , usually occurring in children and young adults under 25 years of age. The overall 5 year survival rate is about 53%.
Awake craniotomy is a neurosurgical technique and type of craniotomy that allows a surgeon to remove a brain tumor while the patient is awake to avoid brain damage.During the surgery, the neurosurgeon performs cortical mapping to identify vital areas, called the "eloquent brain", that should not be disturbed while removing the tumor.
On January 13, Emanuel underwent surgery at the Holtz Children’s Hospital at Jackson Memorial in Miami to remove the 10-pound tumor and, at first, the procedure seemed to have been a success.
Pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy is the surgical removal of the pharynx, larynx and esophagus, usually as a result of cancer of the hypopharynx. Photorefractive keratectomy is the alteration of the cornea by means of a laser. Pinealectomy is the surgical removal of the pineal gland, used often on birds to study circadian rhythms.