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Slavery is still widespread in Haiti today. According to the 2014 Global Slavery Index, Haiti has an estimated 237,700 enslaved persons [101] making it the country with the second-highest prevalence of slavery in the world, behind only Mauritania. [102] Haiti has more human trafficking than any other Central or South American country. [103]
The 1804 Haiti massacre, also referred to as the Haitian genocide, [1] [2] [3] was carried out by Afro-Haitian soldiers, mostly former slaves, under orders from Jean-Jacques Dessalines against much of the remaining European population in Haiti, which mainly included French people.
The aftermath of the 1791 Haitian slave rebellion was decisive, resulting in the abolition of slavery in Saint-Domingue by 1793 and paving the way for Haiti's independence from France in 1804. This was the first successful formation of a nation led by former slaves.
France should repay billions of dollars in reparations to Haiti to cover a debt formerly enslaved people were forced to pay in return for recognising the island's independence, a coalition of ...
The white-supremacist ideology that justified slavery could not accept a stable, prosperous Haiti founded by self-emancipated slaves, human-rights lawyers write. France demanded crippling payments.
Dessalines' murder did not solve the tensions in Haiti; instead, the country was torn into two new countries led by each general. The Northern State of Haiti (later the Kingdom of Haiti ) maintained forced plantation labor and became rich, while the Southern Republic of Haiti abandoned forced plantation labor and collapsed economically.
The name Haiti (or Hayti) comes from the indigenous Taíno language and was the native name [3] [4] given to the entire island of Hispaniola to mean "land of high mountains." [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Christopher Columbus arrived on the island on December 5, 1492 and claimed it for the Spanish Empire , after which it became known as Hispaniola.
The independence of Haiti was a major blow to France and its colonial empire, but the French state would take several decades to recognize the loss of the colony. As the French retreated, Haiti, which had once been called the "Pearl of the Antilles", the richest French colony in the world, was impoverished, as its economy was in ruins after the ...