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In the three-dimensional case, the situation is more complicated as now one has horizontal and vertical planes in addition to horizontal and vertical lines. Consider a point P and designate a direction through P as vertical. A plane which contains P and is normal to the designated direction is the horizontal plane at P.
Vertical – spanning the height of a body. Longitudinal – spanning the length of a body. Lateral – spanning the width of a body. The distinction between width and length may be unclear out of context. Adjacent – next to; Lineal – following along a given path. The shape of the path is not necessarily straight (compare to linear).
Horizontal and vertical commonly refers a concept about orientation in mathematics, geography, physics and other sciences, with the vertical typically being defined by the direction of gravity, and with the horizontal being perpendicular to the vertical. Horizontal and vertical may also refer to:
Changing orientation of a rigid body is the same as rotating the axes of a reference frame attached to it.. In geometry, the orientation, attitude, bearing, direction, or angular position of an object – such as a line, plane or rigid body – is part of the description of how it is placed in the space it occupies. [1]
In mathematical illustrations of two-dimensional Cartesian systems, the first coordinate (traditionally called the abscissa) is measured along a horizontal axis, oriented from left to right. The second coordinate (the ordinate) is then measured along a vertical axis, usually oriented from bottom to top.
The vertical shear displaces points to the right of the y-axis up or down, depending on the sign of m. It leaves vertical lines invariant, but tilts all other lines about the point where they meet the y-axis. Horizontal lines, in particular, get tilted by the shear angle to become lines with slope m.
The direction of the EMA and its relative positioning with price generate convergence-divergence relationships that are useful in trade management. Average Directional Index (ADX/DMS)
Local tangent plane coordinates (LTP) are part of a spatial reference system based on the tangent plane defined by the local vertical direction and the Earth's axis of rotation. They are also known as local ellipsoidal system, [1] [2] local geodetic coordinate system, [3] local vertical, local horizontal coordinates (LVLH), or topocentric ...