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Knee arthritis is characterized by damaged cartilage. Here, doctors explain arthritis of the knee, causes, symptoms, treatments, types, risks, and prevention.
The knee is one of the joints most commonly affected by osteoarthritis. [2] Cartilage in the knee may begin to break down after sustained stress, leaving the bones of the knee rubbing against each other and resulting in osteoarthritis. [7] Nearly a third of US citizens are affected by osteoarthritis of the knee by age 70. [8]
An articular cartilage defect that initially may be small still has the potential to have a physical and chemical "domino effect" on the surrounding "normal" articular cartilage. [2] Pitkin et al. (2014) discovered a potential etiology for articular cartilage damage. When the interarticular transmission of pressures is interrupted so that ...
A knee X-ray and/or blood test – this can assist to exclude certain types of arthritis or inflammation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging – to observe cartilage condition and assess deterioration; Arthroscopy – a low invasive approach to image the inside of the knee joint by inserting an endoscope into the knee joint. [16]
Autologous articular cartilage transfer from a non-weight-bearing area to the damaged area, called osteochondral autograft transfer system, is one possible procedure that is being studied. [140] When the missing cartilage is a focal defect, autologous chondrocyte implantation is also an option.
There are several different repair options available for cartilage damage or failure. "Maci" or autologous cultured chondrocytes on porcine collagen membrane, is a treatment to correct cartilage defects in the knee. This treatment has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2016 for adult treatment only. [1]
This short-term solution is not considered as an articular cartilage repair procedure but rather a palliative treatment to reduce pain, mechanical restriction and inflammation. Lavage focuses on removing degenerative articular cartilage flaps and fibrous tissue. The main target groups are patients with very small defects of the articular cartilage.
Cartilage tumors; Costochondritis: Inflammation of cartilage in the ribs, causing chest pain. Osteoarthritis: The cartilage covering bones (articular cartilage) is thinned, eventually completely worn out, resulting in a "bone against bone" joint, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis is very common, affects the joints exposed ...