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In the 20th century, Japan and China regained their earlier dominant role in silk production, and China is now once again the world's largest producer of silk. The rise of new imitation silk fabrics, such as nylon and polyester, has reduced the prevalence of silk throughout the world, being cheaper and easier to care for. Silk is now once again ...
Silk spinning mill, Suzhou, China The filaments of six cocoons are used to form one thread for spinning silk (Suzhou, 1987) Women weaving silk. Kashgar. Local governments have and are continuing to introduce new facilities that are expected to bring in latest high-end silk manufacturing machinery that will elevate both the quality and the quantity of the silk being produced in China.
During the Song period, there was a great deal of organized labor and bureaucracy involved in the extraction of resources from the various provinces in China. The production of sulfur, which the Chinese called 'vitriol liquid', was extracted from pyrite and used for pharmaceutical purposes as well as for the creation of gunpowder. [73]
The main trade route leading into Han China passed first through Kashgar, yet Hellenized Bactria further west was the central node of international trade. [140] By the 1st century AD, Bactria and much of Central Asia and North India were controlled by the Kushan Empire. [141] Silk was the main export item from China to India.
By smuggling silkworms and producing silk of their own, the Byzantines could bypass the Chinese silk trade dominated by their chief rivals, the Sasanian Empire. [22] From Turkic peoples of Central Asia during the Northern Wei (386–535 AD) period, the Eastern Romans acquired yet another name for China: Taugast (Old Turkic: Tabghach). [21]
Xiangyunsha silk (traditional Chinese: 香雲紗; simplified Chinese: 香云纱; pinyin: Xiāng-yún-shā) or Gambiered Guangdong silk [1] is a type of silk originating in the 5th century [2] from Guangdong province (also known as Canton) in China [1] that is created by dyeing silk with gambier juice and covering it in soil [3] from the Pearl River, [4] resulting in a copper color on one side ...
Digitization of a Dunhuang manuscript. Dunhuang manuscripts refer to a wide variety of religious and secular documents (mostly manuscripts, including hemp, silk, paper and woodblock-printed texts) in Tibetan, Chinese, and other languages that were discovered by Frenchman Paul Pelliot and British man Aurel Stein at the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, Gansu, China, from 1906 to 1909.
The Silk Road [a] was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. [1] Spanning over 6,400 km (4,000 mi), it played a central role in facilitating economic, cultural, political, and religious interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds.