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Arithmetic if is an unstructured control statement, and is not used in structured programming. In practice it has been observed that most arithmetic IF statements reference the following statement with one or two of the labels. This was the only conditional control statement in the original implementation of Fortran on the IBM 704 computer. On ...
the conditional operator can yield a L-value in C/C++ which can be assigned another value, but the vast majority of programmers consider this extremely poor style, if only because of the technique's obscurity. [6]
In C++ there are conditional assignment situations where use of the if-else statement is impossible, since this language explicitly distinguishes between initialization and assignment. In such case it is always possible to use a function call, but this can be cumbersome and inelegant.
All logical operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++, albeit the overloading of the logical AND and logical OR is discouraged, because as overloaded operators they behave as ordinary function calls, which means that both of their operands are evaluated, so they lose their well-used and expected short-circuit evaluation property ...
In most logical systems, one proves a statement of the form "P iff Q" by proving either "if P, then Q" and "if Q, then P", or "if P, then Q" and "if not-P, then not-Q". Proving these pairs of statements sometimes leads to a more natural proof, since there are not obvious conditions in which one would infer a biconditional directly.
This problem often comes up in compiler construction, especially scannerless parsing.The convention when dealing with the dangling else is to attach the else to the nearby if statement, [2] allowing for unambiguous context-free grammars, in particular.
Simple statements are complete in themselves; these include assignments, subroutine calls, and a few statements which may significantly affect the program flow of control (e.g. goto, return, stop/halt). In some languages, input and output, assertions, and exits are handled by special statements, while other languages use calls to predefined ...
Equivalent to the switch statement found in some programming languages, it is a convenient way of dealing with multiple cases without having to chain lots of #if functions together. However, note that performance suffers when there are more than 100 alternatives.