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The body of the lyre (Sumerian: zami, Babylonian: sammu, Hittite: zinar) [17] was a representation of an animal's body, such as a cow, bull, calf, donkey, or stag. Archaeologist Leonard Woolley suggested that the animal head depicted on the front of the lyre indicated the instrument's register.
The "Golden Lyre of Ur" or "Bull's Lyre" is the finest lyre, and was given to the Iraq Museum in Baghdad. [10] Its reconstructed wooden body was damaged due to flooding during the Second Iraqi War; [11] [7] a replica of it is being played as part of a touring ensemble. [2] The "Golden Lyre" got its name because the whole head of the bull is ...
The Bull Headed Lyre is one of the oldest string instruments ever discovered. The lyre was excavated in the Royal Cemetery at Ur during the 1926–1927 season of an archeological dig carried out in what is now Iraq jointly by the University of Pennsylvania and the British Museum. Leonard Woolley led the excavations. The lyre was found in “The ...
Sometimes the instrument itself was regarded as a minor deity, [1] [2] and every balag had a proper name. [3] Despite the importance of the instrument in the rituals, its identity is disputed, [ 4 ] but is generally thought to be either a drum or a string instrument such as a lyre .
The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
The lyre (Hittite: zinar; Summerogram: GIŠ.d INANNA 'Ishtar-Instrument' after the Mesopotamian goddess Ishtar) is the best attested musical instrument. The textual and archaeological evidence distinguishes between small and large lyres.
Ninigizibara was both the name of a goddess and of individual instruments placed in a number of temples of Inanna. [2] The instrument represented by her was the balaĝ. [4] The precise meaning of this Sumerian term is a matter of scholarly debate, though it is generally accepted that it referred first and foremost to a type of string instrument ...
[31] Samuel Noah Kramer suggested that the musical instruments mentioned in the hymn were played in accompaniment. He proposed that the tigi was probably a hymn accompanied by lyre, that irshemma was perhaps one accompanied by a type of drum and that adab possibly a hymn accompanied by another form of string instrument. [32]