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Lichen islandicus L. (1753) Cetraria islandica , also known as true Iceland lichen [ 1 ] or Iceland moss , is an Arctic-alpine lichen whose erect or upright, leaflike habit gives it the appearance of a moss , where its name likely comes from.
Lichens are symbiotic organisms that play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle on Earth. The characteristics of lichens, such as strong resistance to factors such as desiccation, ability to grow and break down rocks allow lichen to grow in different types of environment including highly nitrogen limited area such as subarctic heath.
Cladonia islandica is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. [1] It is endemic to Iceland, where it grows on moss-covered rocks and stone walls.The lichen was described as a new species in 2009 by Hördur Kristinsson and Teuvo Ahti.
Cetraria is a genus of fruticose lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts.Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath, and are characterised by their "strap-like" form with spiny lobe edges.
In the past Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica) was an important human food in northern Europe and Scandinavia, and was cooked in many different ways, such as bread, porridge, pudding, soup, or salad. Bryoria fremontii was an important food in parts of North America, where it was usually pitcooked.
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