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An ATX power supply provides a number of peripheral power connectors and (in modern systems) two connectors for the motherboard: an 8-pin (or 4+4-pin) auxiliary connector providing additional power to the CPU and a main 24-pin power supply connector, an extension of the original 20-pin version. 20-pin Molex 39-29-9202 at the motherboard. 20-pin ...
To reduce the power losses in the 5 V supply, with the introduction of the Pentium 4 microprocessor, Intel changed the processor power supply to operate on +12 V, and added the separate four-pin P4 connector to the new ATX12V 1.0 standard to supply that power.
English: Pinouts of ATX power supply connectors, displayed according to Intel's Power Supply Design Guide for Desktop Platform Form Factors v1.2 (2008) and v1.31 (2013)
ATX12VO power supply connector Color Signal Pin Pin Signal Color Green PS_ON# 1 6 PWR_OK: Gray Black COM 2 7 +12 VSB Purple Black COM 3 8 +12 V1 DC Yellow Black COM 4 9 +12 V1 DC Yellow TBD Reserved 5 10 +12 V1 DC Voltage Sensing Pin Yellow
For example, the introduction of AGP and, more recently, PCI Express have influenced motherboard design. However, the standardized size and layout of motherboards have changed much more slowly and are controlled by their own standards. The list of components required on a motherboard changes far more slowly than the components themselves.
The ATX specification requires that the power-good signal ("PWR_OK") go high no sooner than 100 ms after the power rails have stabilized, and remain high for 16 ms after loss of AC power, and fall (to less than 0.4 V) at least 1 ms before the power rails fall out of specification (to 95% of their nominal value).