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Bacterial infection may also increase the risk of cancer, as seen in Helicobacter pylori-induced stomach cancer. [4] Parasitic infections strongly associated with cancer include Schistosoma haematobium (squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder) and the liver flukes, Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis (cholangiocarcinoma). [5]
Bacteria involved in causing and treating cancers. Cancer bacteria are bacteria infectious organisms that are known or suspected to cause cancer. [1] While cancer-associated bacteria have long been considered to be opportunistic (i.e., infecting healthy tissues after cancer has already established itself), there is some evidence that bacteria may be directly carcinogenic.
Some substances cause cancer primarily through their physical, rather than chemical, effects on cells. [32] A prominent example of this is prolonged exposure to asbestos, naturally occurring mineral fibers which are a major cause of mesothelioma, which is a cancer of the serous membrane, usually the serous membrane surrounding the lungs. [32]
Carcinogenic parasites are parasitic organisms that depend on other organisms (called hosts) for their survival, and cause cancer in such hosts.Three species of flukes are medically-proven carcinogenic parasites, namely the urinary blood fluke (Schistosoma haematobium), the Southeast Asian liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) and the Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis).
Some infectious agents are linked to increased risk of cancer in their host organisms. The articles in this category pertain to such infectious agents, the vaccines that prevent infection by these agents, the names of the cancers linked to, associated with, caused by and/or have an increased risk of developing from these infectious agents.
Forcing the cell into the S phase of the cell cycle could cause the cell to become transformed. [27] Human papillomavirus infection is a major cause of cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, penis cancer, anal cancer, and HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers.
The aspergillosis cases were detected at University Crosshouse Hospital in Kilmarnock earlier this year.
Since 1% to 3% of infected individuals are likely to develop gastric cancer, [109] H. pylori-induced gastric cancer is the third highest cause of worldwide cancer mortality as of 2018. [110] Infection by H. pylori causes no symptoms in about 80% of those infected. [111] About 75% of individuals infected with H. pylori develop gastritis. [112]