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The discovery of the Casparian strip dates back to the mid-19th century, and advances in the understanding of the endodermis of plant roots. [15] In 1865, the German botanist Robert Caspary first described the endodermis of the root of plants, found that its cell wall was thickened, and named it Schuchtzscheide.
The endodermis is the innermost layer of cortex in land plants. It is a cylinder of compact living cells, the radial walls of which are impregnated with hydrophobic substances (Casparian strip) to restrict apoplastic flow of water to the inside. [1] The endodermis is the boundary between the cortex and the stele.
The endodermis in the root is important in the development of root pressure. The endodermis is a single layer of cells between the cortex and the pericycle. These cells allow water movement until it reaches the Casparian strip, made of suberin, a waterproof substance. The Casparian strip prevents mineral nutrient ions from moving passively ...
This structure, known as the Casparian strip or Casparian band, functions to prevent water and nutrients taken up by the root from entering the stele through the apoplast. Instead, water must bypass the endodermis via the symplast. This allows the plant to select the solutes that pass further into the plant.
The exodermis is a specialized type of hypodermis that develops Casparian strips in its cell wall, as well as further wall modifications. [2] [5] The Casparian strip is a band of hydrophobic, corky-like tissue that is found on the outside of the endodermis and the exodermis.
Once solutes in the soil water reach the endodermal cells through apoplastic flow, they are forced into the symplastic pathway due to the presence of the Casparian strip. Once the solutes are passively filtered [clarification needed], they eventually reach the pericycle, where they can be moved into the xylem for long-distance transport.
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Geldner's research at the University of Lausanne is focused on root endodermis, [5] specifically the formation of the Casparian strips and suberin lamellae, which are the protective extracellular diffusion barriers formed by this cell layer. His team identified a group of transmembrane proteins called 'CASPs' (Casparian strip membrane domain ...