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Goodsall's rule relates the external opening (in the perianal skin) of an anal fistula to its internal opening (in the anal canal). It states that if the perianal skin opening is posterior to the transverse anal line, the fistulous tract will open into the anal canal in the midline posteriorly, sometimes taking a curvilinear course.
Anal fistula is a chronic abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin. [1] An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. [2] Anal fistulae commonly occur in people with a history of anal abscesses. They can form when ...
The cryptoglandular theory states that obstruction of these ducts [clarification needed], presumably by accumulation of foreign material (e.g. fecal bacterial plugging) in the crypts, may lead to perianal abscess and fistula formation. [11] [12]
Fecal incontinence has three main consequences: local reactions of the perianal skin and urinary tract, including maceration (softening and whitening of the skin due to continuous moisture), urinary tract infections, or decubitus ulcers (pressure sores); [1] a financial expense for individuals (due to the cost of medication and incontinence ...
Darvadstrocel, sold under the brand name Alofisel, is a medication used to treat complex perianal fistulas in adults with non-active/mildly active luminal Crohn's disease when fistulas have shown an inadequate response to at least one conventional or biologic therapy. [1] It contains mesenchymal stem cells from fat tissue of adult donors. [2]
Anorectal abscess (also known as an anal/rectal abscess or perianal/perirectal abscess) is an abscess adjacent to the anus. [1] Most cases of perianal abscesses are sporadic, though there are certain situations which elevate the risk for developing the disease, such as diabetes mellitus , Crohn's disease , chronic corticosteroid treatment and ...
Perianal involvement occurs in 18–43% of cases, more frequently if the colon and rectum are inflamed, and can cause fistulas, skin tags, hemorrhoids, fissures, ulcers, and strictures. [ 11 ] Upper gastrointestinal involvement is rare, occurring in 0.5-16% of cases, and may cause symptoms such as pain while swallowing , difficulty swallowing ...
In men, at least three different types of fistula are possible. [3] The hindgut may enter and preserve the urogenital sinus after birth. [ 3 ] The hindgut may replace the urogenital sinus completely, in which case it may also replace the urinary bladder and cause the ureters to drain into it.