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  2. List of preserved historic blast furnaces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_preserved_historic...

    Blast Furnace in Govăjdia built between 1806 and 1810 on the site of an old iron working workshop called "Old Limpert", the furnace's capacity is 43,9 cubic meters and it operated with charcoal brought from Vadu Dobrii and the iron ore mined and brought from the iron ore mines at Ghelari via narrow-gauge railway. It was decommissioned in 1924 ...

  3. Clinker (waste) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinker_(waste)

    Clinker from a cement kiln. Clinker is a generic name given to waste from industrial processes, particularly those that involve smelting metals, welding, burning fossil fuels and use of a blacksmith's forge, which commonly causes a large buildup of clinker around the tuyere.

  4. Blast furnace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_furnace

    The blast furnace used at the Nyrstar Port Pirie lead smelter differs from most other lead blast furnaces in that it has a double row of tuyeres rather than the single row normally used. [76] The lower shaft of the furnace has a chair shape with the lower part of the shaft being narrower than the upper. [ 76 ]

  5. Reverberatory furnace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverberatory_furnace

    In 1687, while obstructed from smelting lead (by litigation), they moved on to copper. In the following decades, reverberatory furnaces were widely adopted for smelting these metals and also tin. They had the advantage over older methods that the fuel was mineral coal, not charcoal or 'white coal' (chopped dried wood).

  6. Smelting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelting

    Electric phosphate smelting furnace in a TVA chemical plant (1942) Smelting is a process of applying heat and a chemical reducing agent to an ore to extract a desired base metal product. [1] It is a form of extractive metallurgy that is used to obtain many metals such as iron, copper, silver, tin, lead and zinc.

  7. Charcoal burner - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charcoal_burner

    A charcoal burner at his charcoal pile Charcoal burning in Grünburg near the River Steyr water gap. A charcoal burner is someone whose occupation is to manufacture charcoal. Traditionally this is achieved by carbonising wood in a charcoal pile or kiln. Charcoal burning is one of the oldest human crafts.

  8. Refining (metallurgy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refining_(metallurgy)

    The pig iron was melted in a running out furnace and then run out into a trough. This process oxidized the silicon to form a slag, which floated on the iron and was removed by lowering a dam at the end of the trough. The product of this process was a white metal, known as finers metal or refined iron.

  9. Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopewell_Furnace_National...

    Hopewell Furnace stove, 10-plate cooking model, with a lower firebox and upper oven for baking. Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site in southeastern Berks County, near Elverson, Pennsylvania, is an example of an American 19th century rural iron plantation, whose operations were based around a charcoal-fired cold-blast iron blast furnace.