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A vector addition system (VAS) is one of several mathematical modeling languages for the description of distributed systems.Vector addition systems were introduced by Richard M. Karp and Raymond E. Miller in 1969, [1] and generalized to vector addition systems with states (VASS) by John E. Hopcroft and Jean-Jacques Pansiot in 1979. [2]
An addition sequence for the set of integer S ={n 0, ..., n r-1} is an addition chain v that contains every element of S. For example, an addition sequence computing ...
Geometric algebra is built out of two fundamental operations, addition and the geometric product. Multiplication of vectors results in higher-dimensional objects called multivectors. Compared to other formalisms for manipulating geometric objects, geometric algebra is noteworthy for supporting vector division (though generally not by all ...
Vector addition and scalar multiplication: a vector v (blue) is added to another vector w (red, upper illustration). Below, w is stretched by a factor of 2, yielding the sum v + 2w . In mathematics and physics , a vector space (also called a linear space) is a set whose elements, often called vectors , can be added together and multiplied ...
In mathematics, matrix addition is the operation of adding two matrices by adding the corresponding entries together. For a vector , v → {\displaystyle {\vec {v}}\!} , adding two matrices would have the geometric effect of applying each matrix transformation separately onto v → {\displaystyle {\vec {v}}\!} , then adding the transformed vectors.
Vector addition and scalar multiplication: a vector v (blue) is added to another vector w (red, upper illustration). Below, w is stretched by a factor of 2, yielding the sum v + 2 w . In mathematics and physics , a vector space (also called a linear space ) is a set whose elements, often called vectors , can be added together and multiplied ...
Typical examples of binary operations are the addition (+) and multiplication of numbers and matrices as well as composition of functions on a single set. For instance, For instance, On the set of real numbers R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } , f ( a , b ) = a + b {\displaystyle f(a,b)=a+b} is a binary operation since the sum of two real numbers ...
In mathematics, any vector space has a corresponding dual vector space (or just dual space for short) consisting of all linear forms on , together with the vector space structure of pointwise addition and scalar multiplication by constants.