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  2. Route of administration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration

    The parenteral route is any route that is not enteral (par-+ enteral). Parenteral administration can be performed by injection, that is, using a needle (usually a hypodermic needle) and a syringe, [16] or by the insertion of an indwelling catheter. Locations of application of parenteral administration include: Central nervous system:

  3. Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_the_curve...

    The AUC (from zero to infinity) represents the total drug exposure across time. AUC is a useful metric when trying to determine whether two formulations of the same dose (for example a capsule and a tablet) result in equal amounts of tissue or plasma exposure. Another use is in the therapeutic drug monitoring of drugs with a narrow therapeutic ...

  4. Pathogen transmission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen_transmission

    An infectious disease agent can be transmitted in two ways: as horizontal disease agent transmission from one individual to another in the same generation (peers in the same age group) [3] by either direct contact (licking, touching, biting), or indirect contact through air – cough or sneeze (vectors or fomites that allow the transmission of the agent causing the disease without physical ...

  5. ADME - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADME

    Excretion of drugs by the kidney involves 3 main mechanisms: Glomerular filtration of unbound drug. Active secretion of (free & protein-bound) drug by transporters (e.g. anions such as urate , penicillin , glucuronide , sulfate conjugates) or cations such as choline , histamine .

  6. Type 1 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes

    Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that occurs when pancreatic cells (beta cells) are destroyed by the body's immune system. [5] In healthy persons, beta cells produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone required by the body to store and convert blood sugar into energy. [6]

  7. FDA takes first step to protect children from medications ...

    www.aol.com/news/fda-takes-first-step-protect...

    Children will get into anything, and children will especially get into anything that tastes or looks like candy,” said Dr. Theresa Michele, who leads the FDA’s office of nonprescription drugs.

  8. Needlestick injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Needlestick_injury

    The injured person can start antiretroviral drugs for PEP as soon as possible, preferably within three days of exposure. [28] There is no vaccine for HIV. [ 29 ] When the source of blood is known to be HIV positive, a 3-drug regimen is recommended by the CDC; those exposed to blood with a low viral load or otherwise low risk can use a 2-drug ...

  9. Diabetes medication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_medication

    Drugs used in diabetes treat types of diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin , most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide , exenatide , and others), and pramlintide , all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents.