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Furthermore, the absence of the typical T1 hyperintensity in the posterior pituitary lobe suggests a lack of vasopressin-containing neurons, often linked with diabetes insipidus, another symptom of Wolfram syndrome.
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) [2] is an inversion-recovery pulse sequence used to nullify the signal from fluids. For example, it can be used in brain imaging to suppress cerebrospinal fluid so as to bring out periventricular hyperintense lesions, such as multiple sclerosis plaques.
The empty sella sign occurs due to herniation of the subarachnoid space into the sella turcica, displacing the pituitary gland and allowing CSF to occupy the space. [3] This phenomenon is often linked to the following mechanisms: [4] Primary empty sella syndrome occurs without an underlying cause or pituitary pathology. It is associated with a ...
The posterior pituitary is not glandular as is the anterior pituitary. Instead, it is largely a collection of axonal projections from the hypothalamus that terminate behind the anterior pituitary, and serve as a site for the secretion of neurohypophysial hormones ( oxytocin and vasopressin ) directly into the blood. [ 2 ]
A hyperintensity or T2 hyperintensity is an area of high intensity on types of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain of a human or of another mammal that reflect lesions produced largely by demyelination and axonal loss.
The pituitary neural lobe consists of axonal projections that directly extend from cell bodies in the hypothalamus through the infundibulum. [33] Under neurohumoral control, it secretes oxytocin and vasopressin , thereby qualifying it as a circumventricular organ with both neural and secretory functions.
The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, the pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain, protruding off the bottom of the hypothalamus. The human pituitary gland is oval shaped, about 1 cm in diameter, 0.5–1 gram (0.018–0.035 oz) in weight on average, and about the size of a kidney bean. [2 ...
The presence of high or moderate signal intensity on both T1 and T2 images is related to the ratio of fat to vessels and edema. For example, a VH with a high concentration of fat and a relatively low make-up of vessels and edema would show a high signal intensity on T1-weighted spin-echo images and intermediate signal intensity on T2-weighted ...