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Necroinflammation is an autoamplifying process where crystals are toxic to cells (cytotoxicity) and cause cell death (necrosis and regulated cell death) and a local and systemic inflammatory response. Cytotoxicity includes actin depolymerization, free radical and reactive oxygen species synthesis, and autophagy.
Common causes include welding with failure to use adequate eye protection such as an appropriate welding helmet or welding goggles. This is termed arc eye , while photokeratitis caused by exposure to sunlight reflected from ice and snow, particularly at elevation, is commonly called snow blindness . [ 5 ]
Typical treatment regimens involve short exposure to UVB rays 3 to 5 times a week at a hospital or clinic, and repeated sessions may be required before results are noticeable. Almost all of the conditions that respond to UVB light are chronic problems, so continuous treatment is required to keep those problems in check.
Phytophotodermatitis, also known as berloque dermatitis, [1] [2] [3] margarita photodermatitis, [4] [5] lime disease [6] or lime phytodermatitis [6] is a cutaneous phototoxic inflammatory reaction resulting from contact with a light-sensitizing botanical agent (such as lime juice) followed by exposure to ultraviolet A (UV-A) light (from the sun, for instance).
The primary cause of skin cancer is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning devices. Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in humans. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] There are three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) and melanoma . [ 1 ]
This reduces the treatment time, makes the treatment more effective, and enables the use of a weaker psoralen. The physician and physiotherapists can choose a starting dose of UV based on the patient's skin type. The UV dose will be increased in every treatment until the skin starts to respond, normally when it becomes a little bit pink.
Photochemical immersion well reactor (50 mL) with a mercury-vapor lamp.. Photochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical effects of light. Generally, this term is used to describe a chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet (wavelength from 100 to 400 nm), visible (400–750 nm), or infrared radiation (750–2500 nm).
Because oxybenzone is the least lipophilic of the three most common UV filters, it is the least likely to end up trapped in the stratum corneum and the most likely to be absorbed and metabolized. [26] When applied topically, UV filters, such as oxybenzone, are absorbed through the skin, metabolized, and excreted primarily through the urine. [27]