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Essential tremor (ET), also called benign tremor, familial tremor, and idiopathic tremor, is a medical condition characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions and relaxations (oscillations or twitching movements) of certain muscle groups in one or more body parts of unknown cause. [6]
β-blockers can be selective for either β 1, β 2 adrenergic receptor, or to be non-selective. By blocking β 1 receptor it is possible to reduce heart rate, conduction of velocity and contractility. The blocking of β 2 receptor promotes vascular smooth muscle contraction, which results in increase of peripheral resistance. [13]
It is a non-selective beta blocker which works by blocking β-adrenergic receptors. [2] Propranolol was patented in 1962 and approved for medical use in 1964. [9] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [10] Propranolol is available as a generic medication. [2]
Beta blockers vary in their lipophilicity (fat solubility) and in turn in their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier and exert effects in the central nervous system. [76] Beta blockers with greater blood–brain barrier permeability can have both neuropsychiatric therapeutic benefits and side effects, as well as adverse cognitive effects ...
The cardio-selective beta-1 blockers could cause adverse effects including bradycardia, reduced exercise ability, hypotension, atrioventricular nodal blockage and heart failure. [5] Other possible adverse effects include nausea and vomiting , abdominal discomfort , dizziness , weakness , headache , fatigue , and dryness in mouth and eye . [ 5 ]
Essential tremor may be treated with beta blockers (such as propranolol and nadolol) or primidone, an anticonvulsant Cerebellar tremor symptoms may decrease with the application of alcohol (ethanol) or benzodiazepine medications, both of which carry some risk of dependence or addiction