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In the CGS-ESU system, charge q is therefore has the dimension to M 1/2 L 3/2 T −1. Other units in the CGS-ESU system include the statampere (1 statC/s) and statvolt (1 erg/statC). In CGS-ESU, all electric and magnetic quantities are dimensionally expressible in terms of length, mass, and time, and none has an independent dimension.
The statcoulomb (statC), franklin (Fr), or electrostatic unit of charge (esu) is the unit of measurement for electrical charge used in the centimetre–gram–second electrostatic units variant (CGS-ESU) and Gaussian systems of units. In terms of the Gaussian base units, it is
The esu-cgs (or "electrostatic cgs") units are one of several systems of electromagnetic units within the centimetre–gram–second system of units; others include CGS-EMU (or "electromagnetic cgs units"), Gaussian units, and Heaviside–Lorentz units. In the cgs-emu system, the unit of electric current is the abampere. The unit of current in ...
The statvolt is a unit of voltage and electrical potential used in the CGS-ESU and gaussian systems of units. In terms of its relation to the SI units, one statvolt corresponds to c cgs 10 −8 volt, [a] i.e. to 299.792458 volts. [2] [b] The statvolt is also defined in the CGS system as 1 erg per statcoulomb. [2]
Carl Friedrich Gauss. Gaussian units constitute a metric system of units of measurement.This system is the most common of the several electromagnetic unit systems based on the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS).
In the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS), the corresponding quantity is 4.803 2047... × 10 −10 statcoulombs. [b] Robert A. Millikan and Harvey Fletcher's oil drop experiment first directly measured the magnitude of the elementary charge in 1909, differing from the modern accepted value by just 0.6%.
[citation needed] The quantity q s used in the old cgs esu system is related to the new quantity q by: =. In the 2019 revision of the SI, the elementary charge is fixed at 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C and the value of the vacuum permittivity must be determined experimentally.
In the ESU system, the permittivity of free space is set to unity by definition. This results in unit conversions to the SI system containing a power of the speed of light, c, as well as a power of 10. In the case of the statmho, the conversion from siemens (S) is given by: [2] 1 S ≘ c 2 × 10 −5 s 2 /m 2 × 1 statmho.