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  2. Oligonucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide

    Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics.Commonly made in the laboratory by solid-phase chemical synthesis, [1] these small fragments of nucleic acids can be manufactured as single-stranded molecules with any user-specified sequence, and so are vital for artificial gene synthesis, polymerase ...

  3. Consistency (database systems) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistency_(database_systems)

    And it has a different meaning than the Atomic in ACID, as it subsumes the database notions of both Atomic and Consistent." [7] In the CAP theorem, you can only have two of the following three properties: consistency, availability, or partition tolerance. Therefore, consistency may have to be traded off in some database systems.

  4. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

    This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

  5. ACID - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACID

    In the context of databases, a sequence of database operations that satisfies the ACID properties (which can be perceived as a single logical operation on the data) is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even involving multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another, is a ...

  6. Complementarity (molecular biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarity_(molecular...

    Purines are larger than pyrimidines. Both types of molecules complement each other and can only base pair with the opposing type of nucleobase. In nucleic acid, nucleobases are held together by hydrogen bonding, which only works efficiently between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. The base complement A = T shares two ...

  7. Amphiphile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphiphile

    The lipid bilayer, the material that makes up cell membranes. Phospholipids, a class of amphiphilic molecules, are the main components of biological membranes.The amphiphilic nature of these molecules defines the way in which they form membranes.

  8. Expanded genetic code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_genetic_code

    There must not be crosstalk between the new tRNA/synthase pair and the existing tRNA/synthase molecules, only with the ribosomes. An expanded genetic code is an artificially modified genetic code in which one or more specific codons have been re-allocated to encode an amino acid that is not among the 22 common naturally-encoded proteinogenic amino acids.

  9. HSAB theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSAB_theory

    HSAB is an acronym for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases".HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining the stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. It assigns the terms 'hard' or 'soft', and 'acid' or 'base' to chemical species.