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Jean Baptiste Point du Sable (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist pwɛ̃ dy sɑbl]; also spelled Point de Sable, Point au Sable, Point Sable, Pointe DuSable, or Pointe du Sable; [n 1] before 1750 [n 2] – August 28, 1818) is regarded as the first permanent non-Native settler of what would later become Chicago, Illinois, and is recognized as the city's founder. [7]
The history of Illinois may be defined by several broad historical periods, namely, the pre-Columbian period, the era of European exploration and colonization, its development as part of the American frontier, its early statehood period, growth in the 19th and 20th centuries, and contemporary Illinois of today.
Map of Fort Crevecoeur in 1680 Map by Abbott Claude Bernou in 1681, showing Fort Crèvecoeur on the East bank of the Illinois River.. Fort Crevecoeur (French: Fort Crèvecœur) was the first public building erected by Europeans within the boundaries of the modern state of Illinois and the first fort built in the West by the French. [2]
The Illinois Country (French: Pays des Illinois [pɛ.i dez‿i.li.nwa]; lit. ' land of the Illinois people '; Spanish: País de los ilinueses), also referred to as Upper Louisiana (French: Haute-Louisiane [ot.lwi.zjan]; Spanish: Alta Luisiana), was a vast region of New France claimed in the 1600s that later fell under Spanish and British control before becoming what is now part of the ...
Enrico Tonti founded the first European settlement in Illinois in 1679 and in Arkansas in 1683, known as Poste de Arkansea, making him "The Father of Arkansas". [30] [31] The Illinois Country by 1752 had a French population of 2,500; it was located to the west of the Ohio Country and was concentrated around Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and Sainte ...
Burial mounds have been found along the Illinois River near Peoria from Mossville [4] to Kingston Mines. [5] [6] [7] Artifacts show evidence of Woodland period, Hopewellian, and Mississippian cultures. [8] [9] Several important Native American settlements were located close to Peoria Lake, like the main villages of the Kickapoo and Potawatomi ...
The city of DuQuoin, Illinois, carries the name of Jean Baptiste DuQuoin (sometimes DuQuoigne), a notable Kaskaskia chieftain of their later history. Kaskaskia, Illinois, was the first capital of Illinois. The Kaskaskia Baptist Association, located in Patoka, Illinois, uses their name. The USS Kaskaskia carries the name.
Painted hide with geometric motifs, attributed to the Illinois Confederacy by the French, pre-1800. Collections of the Musée du quai Branly. The Illinois Confederation, also referred to as the Illiniwek or Illini, were made up of a loosely organized group of 12 to 13 tribes who lived in the Mississippi River Valley.