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Recycling rates by country 2019 Country % recycling % composting % incineration with energy recovery % incineration without energy recovery % other recovery % landfill % other disposal Australia: 24.6 19.8 0.6 0 9.5 55 0 Austria: 26.5 32.6 38.9 0 0 2.1 0 Belgium: 34.1 20.6 42.3 0.5 1.6 0 0 Costa Rica: 3 3.8 0 0 0 86.5 6.7 Czech Republic: 22.8 11.7
Waste is shipped between countries for disposal and this can create problems in the target country. Electronic waste is commonly shipped to developing countries for recycling, reuse or disposal. The Basel Convention is a Multilateral Environmental Agreement to prevent problematic waste disposal in countries that have weaker environmental ...
Brazil is one of the countries with the lowest recycling rates in the world, behind Yemen and Syria and well below the world average, which is 9%. [9] In Brazil, the main materials for reprocessing are aluminum, steel, glass, paper and plastics. [10] They also recycle batteries, cooking oil, laminated material, refrigerators and so on.
The restriction of recycling materials, which banned by China, will eventually forces the industries to use the raw materials. However, using the recycling materials to produce same amount of products are much more energy efficient and material saving than adopting raw materials, which presumably not a good news for the environment.
[5] [6] [9] [10] In 2006, the EU passed the Battery Directive of which one of the aims is a higher rate of battery recycling. The EU directive said at least 25% of all the EU's used batteries must be collected by 2012, and rising to no less than 45% by 2016, of which, that at least 50% of them must be recycled. [10]
The recycling of complex products (such as computers and electronic equipment) is more difficult, due to the additional dismantling and separation required. The type of material accepted for recycling varies by city and country. Each city and country has different recycling programs in place that can handle the various types of recyclable ...
Recycling can be carried out on various raw materials. Recycling is an important part of creating more sustainable economies, reducing the cost and environmental impact of raw materials. Not all materials are easily recycled, and processing recyclable into the correct waste stream requires considerable energy.
Under the directive, each country recycles at least 4 kg of electronic waste per capita per year. Furthermore, the Directive should "decrease e-waste and e-waste exports.". [ 10 ] In December 2008 a draft revision to the Directive proposed a market-based goal of 65%, which is 22 kg per capita in the case of the United Kingdom. [ 11 ]