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  2. History of institutions in Mesopotamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_institutions_in...

    Fragment of the Code of Hammurabi.One of the most important institutions of Mesopotamia and the ancient world. It was a compilation of previous laws (Code of Ur-Namma, Code of Ešnunna) that were shaped and renewed in the time of Hammurabi and was made to be embodied in cuneiform script on sculptures and rocks in all public places throughout the ancient Babylonian state, heir to the Akkadian ...

  3. Nadītu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadītu

    Nadītu (Old Babylonian Akkadian: 𒊩𒈨; sometimes romanized as naditu, with the long vowel omitted [1]) were a social class in ancient Mesopotamia, attested only in the Old Babylonian period. They were associated with the tutelary gods of specific cities, and are often considered to be priestesses by modern authors, though this conclusion ...

  4. History of Mesopotamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Mesopotamia

    Map showing the extent of Mesopotamia. The Civilization of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Paleolithic period up to Late antiquity.This history is pieced together from evidence retrieved from archaeological excavations and, after the introduction of writing in the late 4th millennium BC, an increasing amount of historical sources.

  5. Ubaid period - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubaid_period

    Scarce DNA analysis of human skeletal material from various archaeological sites in Upper Mesopotamia (none of which dated to the Ubaid period) provides some evidence for genetic links with other regions, but also provides evidence for continuity within Mesopotamia. Most importantly, the dating of genetic influxes that have been detected, has ...

  6. Samarra culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samarra_culture

    This widely exported type of pottery, one of the first widespread, relatively uniform pottery styles in the Ancient Near East, was first recognized at Samarra. The Samarran Culture was the precursor to the Mesopotamian culture of the Ubaid period. At Tell Sabi Abyad and other Late Neolithic sites in Syria, scholars adopt increasingly vague ...

  7. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE, here depicted around 2500 BCE, showing the different social roles in the Sumerian society of Ur. Ancient Egypt is an example of one of the first civilizations, building pyramids starting in the 3rd millennium BCE. [1]

  8. Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Dynastic_Period...

    Man carrying a box, possibly for offerings. Metalwork, c. 2900–2600 BCE, Sumer. Metropolitan Museum of Art. [1]The Early Dynastic period (abbreviated ED period or ED) is an archaeological culture in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) that is generally dated to c. 2900 – c. 2350 BC and was preceded by the Uruk and Jemdet Nasr periods.

  9. River valley civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_valley_civilization

    One of the cities within this civilization, Ur, was the first literate society in history. Eventually, they constructed irrigation systems to exploit the two rivers, transforming their dry land into an agriculturally productive area, allowing population growth throughout the cities and states within Mesopotamia.