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By the Classical period, the races were run by ephebes also in honour of Hephaestus and Athena. [51] Prometheus' association with fire is the key to his religious significance [45] and to the alignment with Athena and Hephaestus that was specific to Athens and its "unique degree of cultic emphasis" on honouring technology. [52]
Prometheus decided that humankind's attributes would be the civilising arts and fire, which he stole from Athena and Hephaestus. Prometheus later stood trial for his crime. Prometheus later stood trial for his crime.
In the earliest known artistic depictions of Athena, she wears a helmet and carries a spear and lance, and around the early 6th century BC there begin appearing representations including the aegis and a shield adorned with a gorgoneion. [92] Her Roman counterpart is Minerva. [93] Demeter Δημήτηρ: Goddess of agriculture. [94]
The Acropolis at Athens (1846) by Leo von Klenze.Athena's name probably comes from the name of the city of Athens. [4] [5]Athena is associated with the city of Athens. [4] [6] The name of the city in ancient Greek is Ἀθῆναι (Athȇnai), a plural toponym, designating the place where—according to myth—she presided over the Athenai, a sisterhood devoted to her worship. [5]
The Athena Promachos was one of the earliest recorded works by Pheidias and was originally a well-known and famous Athenian landmark. [3] According to the Greek traveler and geographer, Pausanias, the top of Athena's helmet as well as the tip of her spear could be seen by sailors and anyone approaching Athens from Attica, at Sounion. [4]
Also in Greek mythology, Prometheus moulds a clay statue of Athena, the goddess of wisdom to whom he is devoted, and gives it life from a stolen sunbeam. [ 23 ] Pandora , from Greek mythology, was fashioned from clay and given the quality of "naïve grace combined with feeling".
Finally, with Athena's help, they built the Trojan Horse. Despite the warnings of Priam's daughter Cassandra, the Trojans were persuaded by Sinon, a Greek who feigned desertion, to take the horse inside the walls of Troy as an offering to Athena; the priest Laocoon, who tried to have the horse destroyed, was killed by sea-serpents. At night the ...
Fragment of a Hellenistic relief (1st century BC–1st century AD) depicting the twelve Olympians carrying their attributes in procession; from left to right: Hestia (scepter), Hermes (winged cap and staff), Aphrodite (veiled), Ares (helmet and spear), Demeter (scepter and wheat sheaf), Hephaestus (staff), Hera (scepter), Poseidon (trident), Athena (owl and helmet), Zeus (thunderbolt and staff ...