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Urnes Stave Church (Norwegian: Urnes stavkyrkje) is a 12th-century stave church at Ornes, along the Lustrafjorden in the municipality of Luster in Vestland county, Norway.. The church sits on the eastern side of the fjord, directly across the fjord from the village of Solvorn and about five kilometres (3 mi) east of the village of Hafslo.
The poles (Norwegian: stavene) have given name to this church type. Stave churches are now considered to be among the most important representatives of European medieval architecture in wood and are represented by the Urnes Stave Church on the UNESCO World Heritage List. This list contains 28 preserved stave churches.
The stave church at Urnes is one of the oldest and most prominent examples of this type of wooden churches. It was built in the 12th and 13th centuries and incorporates elements of Viking tradition from the prior 11th century church. The church combines the influences of Celtic art, Viking traditions, and Romanesque architecture.
Between 1950 and 1970, postholes from older buildings were discovered under Lom stave church as well as under masonry churches such as Kinsarvik Church, [12] and this discovery was an important contribution to understanding the origin of stave churches. Postholes were first identified during excavations in Urnes stave church. [25]
Vågå stave church is sometimes referred to as a stave church, but is the result of extensive reconstruction with reuse of materials from the demolished stave church. Original stave church was constructed in 1150, and was converted to a cruciform church in 1626–28.
[10] [11] Borgund's current dragon heads are possible 18th century replacements; [10] similar, original dragon heads remain on older structures, such as Lom Stave Church and nearby Urnes Stave Church. [12] Borgund is one of the only stave churches to have preserved its crested ridge caps. They are carved with openwork vine and entangled plant ...
The first sites from the region were inscribed in 1979, when the Urnes Stave Church and Bryggen, both in Norway were chosen a year after the list's conception. [4] [5] Each year, UNESCO's World Heritage Committee may inscribe new sites on the list, or delist sites that no longer meet the criteria.
For instance under Urnes Stave Church and Lom Stave Church there are traces of older post churches. Post churches were later replaced by the more durable stave churches. [3] About 1,300 churches were built during the 12th and 13th centuries in what was Norway's first building boom. [4]