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Low-ethanol blends are typically from E5 to E25, although internationally the most common use of the term refers to the E10 blend. Blends of E10 or less are used in more than 20 countries around the world, led by the United States, where ethanol represented 10% of the U.S. gasoline fuel supply in 2011. [1]
Thermal energy in each degree of freedom of a molecule at 25 °C (kT/2) (0.01 eV) [10] 2.856×10 −21 J By Landauer's principle, the minimum amount of energy required at 25 °C to change one bit of information 3–7×10 −21 J Energy of a van der Waals interaction between atoms (0.02–0.04 eV) [11] [12] 4.1×10 −21 J
Phase behavior Triple point: 150 K (−123 °C), 0.00043 Pa Critical point: 514 K (241 °C), 63 bar Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o +4.9 kJ/mol
The increased solubility of water with higher ethanol content permits E30 and hydrated ethanol to be put in the same tank since any combination of them always results in a single phase. Somewhat less water is tolerated at lower temperatures. For E10 it is about 0.5% v/v at 21 °C and decreases to about 0.23% v/v at −34 °C. [30]
E10 or Gasohol is commonly marketed in Delaware and E85 is found in many states, particularly in the Midwest where ethanol from corn is produced locally. Many states and municipalities have mandated that all gasoline fuel be blended with 10 percent alcohol (usually ethanol) during some or all of the year.
1500 K in basalt lava flows; c. 1670 K at blue candle flame; 1811 K, melting point of iron (lower for steel) 1830 K in Bunsen burner flame; 1900 K at the Space Shuttle orbiter hull in 8 km/s dive; 2022 K, boiling point of lead; 2074 K, surface temperature of the coolest star, 2MASS J0523-1403; 2230 K, Debye temperature of carbon; 2320 K at open ...
The pop star — who released her first solo album in December 2024 — is one of the many celebrities to have modeled for Kim Kardashian's clothing brand
Table of specific heat capacities at 25 °C (298 K) unless otherwise noted. [citation needed] Notable minima and maxima are shown in maroon. Substance Phase Isobaric mass heat capacity c P J⋅g −1 ⋅K −1 Molar heat capacity, C P,m and C V,m J⋅mol −1 ⋅K −1 Isobaric volumetric heat capacity C P,v J⋅cm −3 ⋅K −1 Isochoric ...