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The Erythraean Sibyl was the prophetess of classical antiquity presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Erythrae, a town in Ionia opposite Chios, which was built by Neleus, the son of Codrus. Erythraean Sibyl as a floor mosaic in the Cathedral of Siena, Italy. The word Sibyl comes (via Latin) from the ancient Greek word sibylla, meaning prophetess.
The Erythraean Sibyl was sited at Erythrae, a town in Ionia opposite Chios. Apollodorus of Erythrae affirms the Erythraean Sibyl to have been his own countrywoman and to have predicted the Trojan War and prophesied to the Greeks who were moving against Ilium both that Troy would be destroyed and that Homer would write falsehoods.
Michelangelo's rendering of the Erythraean Sibyl Tarquin the Proud receives the Sibylline books (1912 illustration). According to the Roman tradition, the oldest collection of Sibylline books appears to have been made about the time of Solon and Cyrus at Gergis on Mount Ida in the Troad; it was attributed to the Hellespontine Sibyl and was preserved in the temple of Apollo at Gergis.
The Erythraean Sibyl from modern-day Turkey was famed among Greeks, as was the oldest Hellenic oracle, the Sibyl of Dodona, dating to the second millennium BC according to Herodotus, favored in the east. The Cumaean Sibyl is one of the four sibyls painted by Raphael at Santa Maria della Pace (see gallery below).
The Erythraean Sibyl presided over the Apollonian oracle. About 453 BC, Erythrae, refusing to pay tribute, seceded from the Delian League. A garrison and a new government restored the union, but late in the Peloponnesian War (412 BC) it revolted again with Chios and Clazomenae. Later it was allied alternately with Athens and Persia.
The Sibylline Oracles in their existing form are a chaotic medley. They consist of 12 books (or 14) of various authorship, date, and religious conception. The final arrangement, thought to be due to an unknown editor of the 6th century AD (Alexandre), does not determine identity of authorship, time, or religious belief; many of the books are merely arbitrary groupings of unrelated fragments.
Erythraean or Erythraian may refer to: Eritrea; Erythraean Sibyl, the prophetess of classical antiquity presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Erythrae, a town in Ionia; Erythraean Sea, the name in ancient cartography for a body of water located between the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, now identified as the Gulf of Aden
The Suda's lexicon says that the Erythraean Sibyl was also called Samian. [citation needed] Pausanias confirms that the Erythraean Sibyl lived the greater part of her life in Samos (Phocis, 12, 5). [citation needed] The Samian Sibyl was known as Phyto, or better Foito, from the Greek word foitos, which