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A urogenital sinus anomaly is also a rare birth defect in women where the urethra and vagina both open into a common channel. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] A persistent cloaca is a disorder where the rectum , vagina , and urinary tract meet and fuse, creating a cloaca , a single common channel.
After the separation of the rectum from the dorsal part of the cloaca, the ventral part becomes the primary urogenital sinus. [2] The urogenital sinus, in turn, divides into the superficial definitive urogenital sinus and the deeper anterior vesico-urethral portion.
The female reproductive system is composed of two embryological segments: the urogenital sinus and the paramesonephric ducts. The two are conjoined at the sinus tubercle. [2] [3] Paramesonephric ducts are present on the embryo of both sexes. [3] [4] Only in females do they develop into reproductive organs.
The part of the urogenital sinus related to the bladder and urethra absorbs the ends of the Wolffian ducts and the associated ends of the renal diverticula. This gives rise to the trigone of the bladder and part of the prostatic urethra. The remainder of this part of the urogenital sinus forms the body of the bladder and part of the prostatic ...
Sinus tubercle (also known as sinual tubercle [1] or Müllerian eminence) is the proliferation of endoderm induced by the paramesonephric ducts. It is located in the developing fetus between the orifices of the mesonephric ducts on the urogenital sinus . [ 1 ]
The urorectal septum is an invagination of the cloaca.It divides it into a dorsal part (the hindgut) and a ventral part (the urogenital sinus).It invaginates from cranial to caudal, formed from the endodermal cloaca, and fuses with the cloacal membrane.
The urogenital opening is where bodily waste and reproductive fluids are expelled to the environment outside of the body cavity. In some organisms, including monotremes , [ 2 ] birds and some fish , discharge from the urological , digestive , and reproductive systems empty into a common sac called the cloaca .
The prostate forms from the urogenital sinus and the efferent ducts form from the mesonephric tubules. For this, it is critical that the ducts are exposed to testosterone during embryogenesis. Testosterone binds to and activates androgen receptor, affecting intracellular signals and modifying the expression of numerous genes. [3]