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Scaenae frons of the Roman Theatre at Palmyra, before the apparent recent destruction by ISIL. The scaenae frons (Classical Latin: [ˈs̠käe̯näe̯ frõːs̠]) is the elaborately decorated permanent architectural background of a Roman theatre stage. The form may have been intended to resemble the facades of imperial palaces.
The Roman theatre also had a podium, which sometimes supported the columns of the scaenae frons. The theatre itself was divided into the stage (orchestra) and the seating section . The cavea was sometimes constructed on a small hill or slope in which stacked seating could be easily made in the tradition of the Greek theatres.
This is supported by the fact that Latin was an essential component to Roman Theatre. [7] From 240 BC to 100 BC, Roman theatre had been introduced to a period of literary drama, within which classical and post-classical Greek plays had been adapted to Roman theatre. [7] From 100 BC till 476 AD, Roman entertainment began to be captured by circus ...
The theater had a seating capacity of 3,500. [8] The scaenae frons was 36 m long (122 Roman feet) and had an unusual and elaborate design (making it typical of architecture in the Augustan period, during which there was a good deal of experimentation in architectural design). [9]
The Orange theatre is one of few Roman theatres which still retains the Scaenae frons, at the rear of the stage, though stripped of its elaborate decoration. Early Roman theatre were mostly constructed from wood and meant to be temporary structures.
The theater was excavated in the 19th-century. The tiers of its semicircular stone seating are well-preserved and a surrounding brick arcade has been partially restored. The stage area and the remains of the backdrop, known as the scaenae frons, are still visible. The theater could accommodate around 3,000 spectators.
The Roman Theatre of Tarraco is a Roman theatre in the Roman colonia of Tarraco –present-day Tarragona, Spain–, capital of the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis. Built at the end of the 1st century BC , in the time of Augustus , in the area of the local forum and the port, it was used for Roman theatrical performances.
This emulation of the Roman model extended to refer to the stage area as the "proscenium", and some writers have incorrectly referred to the theatre's scaenae frons as a proscenium, and have even suggested that the central archway in the middle of the scaenae frons was the inspiration for the later development of the full-size proscenium arch. [3]