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The life cycle often consists of the trypomastigote form in the vertebrate host and the trypomastigote or promastigote form in the gut of the invertebrate host. Intracellular lifecycle stages are normally found in the amastigote form. The trypomastigote morphology is unique to species in the genus Trypanosoma. [citation needed]
The three major human diseases caused by trypanosomatids are; African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness, caused by Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies [3]), South American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease, caused by T. cruzi and transmitted by triatomine bugs), and leishmaniasis (a set of trypanosomal diseases caused by various species of Leishmania transmitted by sandflies [4]).
Trypanosoma brucei is a species of parasitic kinetoplastid belonging to the genus Trypanosoma that is present in sub-Saharan Africa. Unlike other protozoan parasites that normally infect blood and tissue cells, it is exclusively extracellular and inhabits the blood plasma and body fluids. [ 1 ]
The life cycle of the Trypanosoma brucei parasites. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense accounts for the majority of African trypanosomiasis cases, with humans as the main reservoir needed for the transmission, while Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense is mainly zoonotic, with accidental human infections. [20]
Crithidia is a genus of trypanosomatid Euglenozoa.They are parasites that exclusively parasitise arthropods, mainly insects.They pass from host to host as cysts in infective faeces and typically, the parasites develop in the digestive tracts of insects and interact with the intestinal epithelium using their flagellum.
Trypanosoma vivax is a parasite species in the genus Trypanosoma. It causes the disease nagana , affecting cattle or wild mammals. It is mainly occurs in West Africa , although it has spread to South America .
Amastigotes, shown as the smaller stained dots inside the cell. An amastigote is a protist cell that does not have visible external flagella or cilia.The term is used mainly to describe an intracellular phase in the life-cycle of trypanosomes that replicates. [1]
Trypanosoma cruzi is a species of parasitic euglenoids. Among the protozoa, the trypanosomes characteristically bore tissue in another organism and feed on blood (primarily) and also lymph. This behaviour causes disease or the likelihood of disease that varies with the organism: Chagas disease in humans, dourine and surra in horses, and a ...