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A voussoir (/ v u ˈ s w ɑːr /) is a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, which is used in building an arch or vault. [1] Although each unit in an arch or vault is a voussoir, two units are of distinct functional importance: the keystone and the springer. The keystone is the centre stone or masonry unit at the apex of an arch.
Hertfordshire puddingstone is a silica-cemented conglomerate composed of rounded flint pebbles and cobbles with matrix of fine sand and silica cement. The Hertfordshire Puddingstone is characterized by silica-cemented flint gravel that is brown to deep red in colour and often exhibits black exteriors and thin rinds on cut or polished surfaces.
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts , also called Belgian blocks , are often referred to as "cobbles", [ 1 ] although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped into a regular form, while cobblestones are naturally ...
A sett, also known as a block or Belgian block, [1] is a broadly rectangular quarried stone used in paving roads and walkways. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Formerly in widespread use, particularly on steeper streets because setts provided horses' hooves with better grip than a smooth surface, they are now encountered more usually as decorative stone paving in ...
While the dry stone technique is most commonly used for the construction of double-wall stone walls and single-wall retaining terracing, dry stone sculptures, buildings, fortifications, bridges, and other structures also exist. Traditional turf-roofed Highland blackhouses were constructed using the double-wall dry stone method. When buildings ...
The Western Stone, beginning at shoulder level of the guide. The Western Stone is a monolithic ashlar (worked stone block) forming part of the lower level of the Western Wall in Jerusalem. This largest stone in the Western Wall is visible within the Western Wall Tunnel. [1] It is one of the largest building blocks in the world. [2]
Natural stone is used as architectural stone (construction, flooring, cladding, counter tops, curbing, etc.) and as raw block and monument stone for the funerary trade. Natural stone is also used in custom stone engraving. The engraved stone can be either decorative or functional. Natural memorial stones are used as natural burial markers.
Hiatus concretion encrusted by bryozoans (thin, branching forms) and an edrioasteroid; Kope Formation (Upper Ordovician), northern Kentucky Hiatus concretions at the base of the Menuha Formation (Upper Cretaceous), the Negev, southern Israel. Hiatus concretions are distinguished by their stratigraphic history of exhumation, exposure and reburial.