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Under his rule, the Songhai military possessed a full-time corps of warriors. Askia is said to have cynical attitudes towards kingdoms lacking professional fighting forces. [ 14 ] Al-Sa'di, the chronicler who wrote the Tarikh al-Sudan , compared Askiya's army to that of his predecessor:
The military history of the Mali Empire is that of the armed forces of the Mali Empire, which dominated Western Africa from the mid 13th to the late 15th century. The military culture of the empire's driving force, Mandinka people , influenced many later states in West Africa including break-away powers such as the Songhay and Jolof empires.
Kanembu warriors. African military systems before 1800 refers to the evolution of military systems on the African continent prior to 1800, with emphasis on the role of indigenous states and peoples, whose leaders and fighting forces were born on the continent, with their main military bases, fortifications, and supply sources based on or deriving from the continent, and whose operations were ...
He reorganized the army and led at least 20 military campaigns, most of them successful, projecting Songhai power throughout the region and bringing massive quantities of booty and slaves back to Gao. [9] These included attacks against the Mossi in 1549 and 1561-2, Borgu in 1558-9 and 1563, and the Mali Empire in 1550 and 1558.
The Mali Empire (Manding: Mandé [3] or Manden Duguba; [4] [5] Arabic: مالي, romanized: Mālī) was an empire in West Africa from c. 1226 to 1670. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita (c. 1214 – c. 1255) and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa (Musa Keita).
The Songhai Empire, c. 1500. The Songhai people are descended from fishermen on the Middle Niger River. They established their capital at Kukiya in the 9th century AD and at Gao in the 12th century. The Songhai speak a Nilo-Saharan language. [122] Sonni Ali, a Songhai, began his conquest by capturing Timbuktu in 1468 from the Tuareg.
The horse holds a central role in Songhai society, earning the region the moniker "land of horses." Two distinct Songhai horse breeds, the Djerma (crossbreed of Dongola and Barb) and the war-prized Bagzan from the Aïr, showcase their expertise in horse breeding. Horse ownership in the Niger bend region rivals that of the Ethiopian plateau.
Mahmud ibn Zarkun, also known as Mahmud ben Zergun (Arabic: محمود بن زرقون, Maḥmūd ibn Zarqūn), was a Moroccan eunuch who rose to the rank of pasha.For a time, he served as the commander of all renegades in Morocco.