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Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 3 CO) 2 O. Commonly abbreviated Ac 2 O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with ...
acetyl chloride SOCl 2 acetic acid (i) Li[AlH 4], ether (ii) H 3 O + ethanol Two typical organic reactions of acetic acid Acetic acid undergoes the typical chemical reactions of a carboxylic acid. Upon treatment with a standard base, it converts to metal acetate and water. With strong bases (e.g., organolithium reagents), it can be doubly deprotonated to give LiCH 2 COOLi. Reduction of acetic ...
A common type of organic acid anhydride is a carboxylic anhydride, where the parent acid is a carboxylic acid, the formula of the anhydride being (RC(O)) 2 O. Symmetrical acid anhydrides of this type are named by replacing the word acid in the name of the parent carboxylic acid by the word anhydride. [2] Thus, (CH 3 CO) 2 O is called acetic ...
Structural formula of a general carboxylic anhydride group ((RCO)2O). An acid anhydride is a type of chemical compound derived by the removal of water molecules from an acid. In organic chemistry, organic acid anhydrides contain the functional group −C(=O)−O−C(=O)−. Organic acid anhydrides often form when one equivalent of water is ...
It is usually prepared by the dehydration reaction of benzoic acid, e.g. using acetic anhydride: [3] 2 C 6 H 5 CO 2 H + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → (C 6 H 5 CO) 2 O + 2 CH 3 CO 2 H. Alternatively, sodium benzoate can be treated with benzoyl chloride. It can be produced by dehydrating benzoic acid by heating. [citation needed]
Acetone and acetic anhydride ((CH 3 C(O)) 2 O) upon the addition of boron trifluoride (BF 3) catalyst: [11] (CH 3 C(O)) 2 O + CH 3 C(O)CH 3 → CH 3 C(O)CH 2 C(O)CH 3 A second synthesis involves the base-catalyzed condensation (e.g., by sodium ethoxide CH 3 CH 2 O − Na + ) of acetone and ethyl acetate , followed by acidification of the sodium ...
In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH 3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH 3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac [5] [6] (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.
For example, it reacts with water to form acetic acid; [23] with acetic acid to form acetic anhydride; with ammonia and amines to form ethanamides; [24] and with dry hydrogen halides to form acetyl halides. [25] The formation of acetic acid likely occurs by an initial formation of 1,1-dihydroxyethene, which then tautomerizes to give the final ...