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In chemical thermodynamics, an endergonic reaction (from Greek ἔνδον (endon) 'within' and ἔργον (ergon) 'work'; also called a heat absorbing nonspontaneous reaction or an unfavorable reaction) is a chemical reaction in which the standard change in free energy is positive, and an additional driving force is needed to perform this ...
The most startling result of Marcus' theory was the "inverted region": whereas the reaction rates usually become higher with increasing exergonicity of the reaction, electron transfer should, according to Marcus theory, become slower in the very negative domain. Scientists searched the inverted region for proof of a slower electron transfer ...
[1] [2] These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. [3] Anabolism is the building-up aspect of metabolism , whereas catabolism is the breaking-down aspect. Anabolism is usually synonymous with biosynthesis .
The reaction will only be allowed if the total entropy change of the universe is zero or positive. This is reflected in a negative ΔG, and the reaction is called an exergonic process. If two chemical reactions are coupled, then an otherwise endergonic reaction (one with positive ΔG) can be made to happen.
The change of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) in an exergonic reaction (that takes place at constant pressure and temperature) is negative because energy is lost (2). In chemical thermodynamics, an exergonic reaction is a chemical reaction where the change in the free energy is negative (there is a net release of free energy). [1]
positive, the process is non-spontaneous as written, but it may proceed spontaneously in the reverse direction. zero, the process is at equilibrium, with no net change taking place over time. This set of rules can be used to determine four distinct cases by examining the signs of the Δ S and Δ H .
An exergonic process is one which there is a positive flow of energy from the system to the surroundings. This is in contrast with an endergonic process. [1] Constant pressure, constant temperature reactions are exergonic if and only if the Gibbs free energy change is negative (∆G < 0).
For exergonic and endergonic reactions, see the separate articles: Endergonic reaction; Exergonic reaction; See also. Exergonic process; Endergonic; Exothermic process;