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The best planting season is in the Spring. The time that the tree produces fruit is between September and October. The foliage color is green. There are state restrictions in the states of California, Hawaii, Arizona, and Arkansas. [3]
Johnny Appleseed (born John Chapman; September 26, 1774 – March 18, 1845) was an American pioneer nurseryman who introduced trees grown with apple seeds (as opposed to trees grown with grafting [1]) to large parts of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Ontario, as well as the northern counties of West Virginia.
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Malus fusca is a deciduous tree growing up to 13 metres (43 feet) tall, with a trunk 20–25 centimetres (8–10 inches) thick. [2] The leaves are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, dark green above, and both pale and fibrous beneath; they turn bright orange to red in autumn. [2] The flowers are white or pale pink, blooming in spring.
36 species and 4 hybrids are accepted. [2] The genus Malus is subdivided into eight sections (six, with two added in 2006 and 2008). [citation needed] The oldest fossils of the genus date to the Eocene (), which are leaves belonging to the species Malus collardii and Malus kingiensis from western North America (Idaho) and the Russian Far East (), respectively.
Apple scab is spread through fungus growing in old apple leaves on the ground and spreads during warm spring weather to infect the new year's growth. [ 61 ] Among the most serious disease problems is a bacterial disease called fireblight , and three fungal diseases: Gymnosporangium rust, black spot , [ 62 ] and bitter rot . [ 63 ]
Note: references for each plant species are within their own articles. Bibliography of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.) "A Natural History of California," Allan A. Schoenherr, University of California Press, 1992, ISBN 0-520-06922-6. "A California Flora and Supplement," Phillip Munz, 1968, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-02405-2.
In addition, climate change has caused challenges like early spring and late frosts, flooding, drought, and extreme heat, all of which effect fruit trees. Severe droughts and flooding affect the trees' growth, making them more susceptible to pests and diseases. Extreme heat can damage growing fruit directly on the tree. [6]