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Hippocrates of Kos (/ h ɪ ˈ p ɒ k r ə t iː z /, Ancient Greek: Ἱπποκράτης ὁ Κῷος, romanized: Hippokrátēs ho Kôios; c. 460 – c. 370 BC), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician and philosopher of the classical period who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine.
The Hippocratic Corpus covers many diverse aspects of medicine, from Hippocrates' medical theories to what he devised to be ethical means of medical practice, to addressing various illnesses. [1] Even though it is considered a singular corpus that represents Hippocratic medicine, they vary (sometimes significantly) in content, age, style ...
Hippocrates was important in this tradition as he identified syphilis as a disease and was, therefore, an early proponent of the idea that psychological disorders are biologically caused. [3] This was a precursor to modern psycho-social treatment approaches to the causation of psychopathology, with the focus on psychological, social and ...
18th-century depiction of the four temperaments: [1] phlegmatic and choleric above, sanguine and melancholic below The four temperament theory is a proto-psychological theory which suggests that there are four fundamental personality types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic.
From this follows the medical approach that “nature is the best physician” or “nature is the healer of disease”. To do this Hippocrates considered a doctor's chief aim was to help this natural tendency of the body by observing its action, removing obstacles to its action, and thus allow an organism to recover its own health. [3]
Hippocrates, known as the "Father of Modern Medicine", [4] established a medical school at Cos and is the most important figure in ancient Greek medicine. [5] Hippocrates and his students documented numerous illnesses in the Hippocratic Corpus, and developed the Hippocratic Oath for physicians, which is still in use today. He and his students ...
Furthermore, the author's attack on the written account of medicine by sophists as having nothing to do with the art of medicine is a discussion taken up by the fifth-century thinker Socrates in The Phaedo. Also, the treatise's interest in 'things in the sky and under the earth' also characterizes Aristophanes' Clouds (424 BC.) and Plato's Apology.
The biomedical model of medicine care is the medical model used in most Western healthcare settings, and is built from the perception that a state of health is defined purely in the absence of illness. [1]: 24, 26 The biomedical model contrasts with sociological theories of care. [1]: 1 [2]