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Nahdlatul Ulama (Indonesian pronunciation: [nahˈdatʊl ʊˈlama], lit. ' Revival of the Ulama ' , NU ) is an Islamic organization in Indonesia . Its membership numbered over 40 million in 2023, [ 2 ] making it the largest Islamic organization in the world. [ 3 ]
Indonesian traditional Quranic school. The spread of Islam in Indonesia was a slow, gradual and relatively peaceful process. One theory suggests it arrived directly from Arabia before the 9th century, while another credits Sufi merchants and preachers for bringing Islam to Indonesian islands in the 12th or 13th century either from Gujarat in India or directly from the Middle East. [4]
In Islam, the ulama (/ ˈ uː l ə ˌ m ɑː /; Arabic: علماء, romanized: ʿulamāʾ, lit. 'the learned ones'; [ 1 ] singular Arabic : عالِم , romanized : ʿālim ; feminine singular alimah ; plural aalimath [ 2 ] ), also spelled ulema , are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law.
Ulama and kyais, mostly wealthy landowners of rural area, were authoritative figures in this system, and santri (students) learned Islam through taqlid (rote learning) and kitab kuning. Distinct characteristics of traditionalism are based on such syncretism and rural communal dynamics.
Islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation.. However, in the modern contexts of Muslim minorities in non-Muslim countries as well as secularised Muslim states like Turkey, and Bangladesh, the religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal sha
The adaptation of Islam to local traditions is seen as a positive thing by Muslims in Southeast Asia. [6] Islam is part of everyday life for adherents in Southeast Asia and is not separated from "non-religious realms". [7] Southeast Asia is the global region with the highest number of Muslims in the world, surpassing the Middle East and North ...
Muhammadiyah strongly opposes syncretism, where Islam had coalesced with animism (spirit worship) and with Hindu-Buddhist elements that were spread among communities from the pre-Islamic period. Muhammadiyah opposes the tradition of Sufism that allows a Sufi leader ( shaykh ) to be the formal authority over Muslims.
Indonesian Ulema Council (Indonesian: Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Arabic: مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي, abbreviated MUI) is Indonesia's top Islamic scholars' body. MUI was founded in Jakarta on 26 July 1975 during the New Order era. [ 1 ]