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In computer networking, TUN and TAP are kernel virtual network devices. Being network devices supported entirely in software, they differ from ordinary network devices which are backed by physical network adapters. The Universal TUN/TAP Driver originated in 2000 as a merger of the corresponding drivers in Solaris, Linux and BSD. [1]
For example, a multicast router may operate differently on interfaces that represent tunnels than on physical interfaces (e.g. it may only need to collect membership information for physical interfaces). Thus the virtual interface may need to divulge some specifics to the user, such as whether or not it represents a physical interface directly. [1]
x11vnc is a Virtual Network Computing (VNC) server program. It allows remote access from a remote client to a computer hosting an X Window session and the x11vnc software, continuously polling [4] the X server's frame buffer for changes.
Consistent Network Device Naming is a convention for naming Ethernet adapters in Linux.. It was created around 2009 to replace the old ethX naming scheme that caused problems on multihomed machines because the network interface controllers (NICs) would be named based on the order in which they were found by the kernel as it booted.
It forms part of the Virtual Square [1] project from the Italian Bologna University whose code is available on public servers using free software licenses, mostly GPLv2. Researchers at the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Xavier University , Cincinnati OH, US are also working on the project.
Open vSwitch deployed as a cross-server virtual network switch, transparently distributed across multiple physical servers.[3]Open vSwitch is a software implementation of a virtual multilayer network switch, designed to enable effective network automation through programmatic extensions, while supporting standard management interfaces and protocols such as NetFlow, sFlow, SPAN, RSPAN, CLI ...
Marionnet is a virtual network laboratory: it allows users to define, configure and run complex computer networks without any need for physical setup. Only a single, possibly even non-networked Linux host machine is required to simulate a whole Ethernet network complete with computers, routers, hubs, switches, cables, and more Support is also provided for integrating the virtual network with ...
Network namespace isolates the network interface controllers (physical or virtual), iptables firewall rules, routing tables etc. Network namespaces can be connected with each other using the "veth" virtual Ethernet device. [29] "UTS" namespace allows changing the hostname.