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For example, because is a tautology of propositional logic, ((=)) ((=)) is a tautology in first order logic. Similarly, in a first-order language with a unary relation symbols R , S , T , the following sentence is a tautology:
In literary criticism and rhetoric, a tautology is a statement that repeats an idea using near-synonymous morphemes, words or phrases, effectively "saying the same thing twice". [1] [2] Tautology and pleonasm are not consistently differentiated in literature. [3] Like pleonasm, tautology is often considered a fault of style when
In logic, the law of excluded middle or the principle of excluded middle states that for every proposition, either this proposition or its negation is true. [1] [2] It is one of the three laws of thought, along with the law of noncontradiction, and the law of identity; however, no system of logic is built on just these laws, and none of these laws provides inference rules, such as modus ponens ...
Tautology may refer to: Tautology (language), a redundant statement in literature and rhetoric; Tautology (logic), in formal logic, a statement that is true in every ...
In propositional logic, tautology is either of two commonly used rules of replacement. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The rules are used to eliminate redundancy in disjunctions and conjunctions when they occur in logical proofs .
The description of the fallacy in this form is attributed to British philosopher Antony Flew, who wrote, in his 1966 book God & Philosophy, . In this ungracious move a brash generalization, such as No Scotsmen put sugar on their porridge, when faced with falsifying facts, is transformed while you wait into an impotent tautology: if ostensible Scotsmen put sugar on their porridge, then this is ...
Please help improve the article by adding descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples. ( January 2025 ) A tautophrase is a phrase or sentence that tautologically defines a term by repeating that term.
Tautology (grammar), unnecessary repetition, or more words than necessary, to say the same thing. See also. Tautology (disambiguation)