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Cyclophosphamide (CP), also known as cytophosphane among other names, [3] is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system. [4] As chemotherapy it is used to treat lymphoma , multiple myeloma , leukemia , ovarian cancer , breast cancer , small cell lung cancer , neuroblastoma , and sarcoma . [ 4 ]
Mesna, sold under the brand name Mesnex among others, is a medication used in those taking cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide to decrease the risk of bleeding from the bladder. [1] It is used either by mouth or injection into a vein. [1] Common side effects include headache, vomiting, sleepiness, loss of appetite, cough, rash, and joint pain. [1]
The combination is then referred to as COP (cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, and prednisone or prednisolone) or CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone or prednisolone). As elderly patients have a greater risk of toxicity from the drugs, an option is to use an attenuated drug regimen, called miniCHOP.
Dose de-escalation below the starting doses in case of poor patient's chemotherapy tolerability applies to cyclophosphamide only. If the nadir ANC > 500/μL, then the doses of etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide for the next cycle are all increased by 20% over the doses used in the previous cycle.
Cyclophosphamide is a common cytotoxic drug used in this manner and is often used in conjunction with total body irradiation. Chemotherapeutic drugs may be used at high doses to permanently remove the recipient's bone marrow cells (myeloablative conditioning) or at lower doses that will prevent permanent bone marrow loss (non-myeloablative and ...
When treatment with DMARDs fails, cyclophosphamide or steroid pulse therapy is often used to stabilise uncontrolled autoimmune disease. Some severe autoimmune diseases are being treated with bone marrow transplants in clinical trials, usually after cyclophosphamide therapy has failed.
From 2012 to 2016, six ovarian cancer patients who could not be treated with conventional therapy were treated with metronomic cyclophosphamide. [23] Although the clinical outcomes do not only depend on metronomic therapy but also previous treatments they had received, the treatment provided the progress of ovarian cancers and one case was ...
Immunosuppression is a reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system.Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune system, and immunosuppression may occur as an adverse reaction to treatment of other conditions.