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As per the 2017 data, more than 99% of Afghan Sikhs and Hindus have left the country in the last 3 decades. [72] Many of Afghan Hindus and Sikhs have been settled in Germany, France, United States, Australia, India, Belgium, the Netherlands and other nations. [4] The Afghan Hindu population declined to approximately 50 in 2020. [4]
Sikhs in Afghanistan continue to face problems, with the issue of the Sikh custom of cremation figuring prominently. In September 2013, Afghan President Hamid Karzai signed a legislative decree, reserving a seat in the National Assembly of Afghanistan for the Hindu and Sikh minority. [45] However this decree was blocked by the parliament.
Afghan Sikh history is considered to stretch back 200 to 500 years. [6] [7] Not all Sikhs are of Punjabi origin however; a small minority include locals whose ancestors adopted Sikhism during Guru Nanak's 15th century expeditions to Kabul. [7] In the 18th century, Hindu Khatri merchants from Punjab settled in Afghanistan and dominated regional ...
Many Hindu Khatris made their first newborn a Sikh. Daughters were married into both Hindu and Sikh families according to the Khatri sub-hierarchy rules. [161] Hindu-Sikh intermarriages among Khatris and Aroras were common in the cities of Peshawar and Rawalpindi. [162] They worship Hinglaj Mata, Chandi Mata, Shiva, Hanuman and Vishnu's avatars.
Historically, the Southern and eastern parts of Afghanistan had long periods of Hindu-Buddhist predominance. There are about 1,300 Afghan Sikhs [40] [41] and a little over 600 Hindus [42] living in different cities but mostly in Kabul, Jalalabad, and Ghazni. [43] [44] Senator Awtar Singh was the only Sikh in Afghanistan's parliament of 2010. [45]
The Sikhs are adherents to Sikhism, the fifth largest organized religion in the world, with around 25 million adherents. [1] Sikh History is around 500 years and in that time the Sikhs have developed unique expressions of art and culture which are influenced by their faith and synthesize traditions from many other cultures depending on the locality of the adherents of the religion.
South Asia was primarily Hindu in ancient times. Buddhism appeared around 500 BCE. [10]Christianity and Islam made an appearance in Kerala during this time period; Saint Thomas is believed to have travelled to Kerala soon after the death of Jesus and converted some people, [11] while the first mosque to be built in India was built during the Islamic prophet Muhammad's lifetime in Kerala. [12]
The Afghan people of all ethnicities are predominantly and traditionally followers of Islam, of whom around 90% are of Sunni and 10% the Shia branch. Other religious minorities include the Afghan Hindus, Afghan Sikhs, Afghan Zoroastrians, Afghan Jews and Afghan Christians. [86]