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  2. Cerebrospinal fluid flow MRI - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_Fluid_Flow_MRI

    The key to Phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) is the use of a bipolar gradient. [4] A bipolar gradient has equal positive and negative magnitudes that are applied for the same time duration. The bipolar gradient in PC-MRI is put in a sequence after RF excitation but before data collection during the echo time of the generic MRI modality.

  3. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_resonance_imaging...

    The first study of the human brain at 3.0 T was published in 1994, [13] and in 1998 at 8 T. [14] Studies of the human brain have been performed at 9.4 T (2006) [15] and up to 10.5 T (2019). [16] Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield were awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning MRI.

  4. MRI contrast agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_contrast_agent

    A contrast agent usually shortens, but in some instances increases, the value of T1 of nearby water protons thereby altering the contrast in the image. Most clinically used MRI contrast agents work by shortening the T1 relaxation time of protons inside tissues via interactions with the nearby contrast agent.

  5. Perfusion scanning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfusion_scanning

    There are different techniques of Perfusion MRI, the most common being dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE), dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging (DSC), and arterial spin labelling (ASL). [ 11 ] In DSC, Gadolinium contrast agent (Gd) is injected (usually intravenously) and a time series of fast T2*-weighted images is acquired.

  6. In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vivo_magnetic_resonance...

    In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a specialized technique associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). [1] [2]Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), also known as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, is a non-invasive, ionizing-radiation-free analytical technique that has been used to study metabolic changes in brain tumors, strokes, seizure disorders, Alzheimer's ...

  7. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion-weighted...

    When water is in an environment where it can freely tumble, relaxation tends to take longer. In certain clinical situations, this can generate contrast between an area of pathology and the surrounding healthy tissue. To sensitize MRI images to diffusion, the magnetic field strength (B1) is varied linearly by a pulsed field gradient.

  8. Susceptibility weighted imaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susceptibility_weighted...

    The arrows in the SWI image may show the tissue at risk that has been affected by the stroke (A, B, C) and the location of the stroke itself (D). The reason that we are able to see the affected vascular territory could be because there is a reduced level of oxygen saturation in this tissue, suggesting that the flow to this region of the brain ...

  9. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid-attenuated_inversion...

    * Post-contrast FLAIR images have been added to diagnosis protocol for accurate medical assessment. [ 3 ] Axial fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI image demonstrating tumor-related infiltration involving lenticular nuclei (Arrow).