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Social proof (or informational social influence) is a psychological and social phenomenon wherein people copy the actions of others in choosing how to behave in a given situation. The term was coined by Robert Cialdini in his 1984 book Influence: Science and Practice .
Informational influence (or social proof) is an influence to accept information from another as evidence about reality. Informational influence comes into play when people are uncertain, either from stimuli being intrinsically ambiguous or because of social disagreement. Normative influence is an influence to conform to the positive ...
Informational influence, or persuasive arguments theory, has also been used to explain group polarization, and is most recognized by psychologists today. The persuasive arguments interpretation holds that individuals become more convinced of their views when they hear novel arguments in support of their position.
Informational is the ability of an agent of influence to bring about change through the resource of information. [3] Raven arguably believed that power as a potential influence logically meant that information was a form of influence and the social power base of Information Power was derived. [3]
Major factors that influence the degree of conformity include culture, gender, age, size of the group, situational factors, and different stimuli. In some cases, minority influence, a special case of informational influence, can resist the pressure to conform and influence the majority to accept the minority's belief or behaviors. [7]
An information cascade or informational cascade is a phenomenon described in behavioral economics and network theory in which a number of people make the same decision in a sequential fashion. It is similar to, but distinct from herd behavior. [1] [2] [3] An information cascade is generally accepted as a two-step process.
Normative influence vs. referent informational influence [ edit ] The Asch conformity experiments are often interpreted as evidence for the power of conformity and normative social influence , [ 18 ] [ 19 ] [ 20 ] where normative influence is the willingness to conform publicly to attain social reward and avoid social punishment. [ 21 ]
As a consequence of these and other studies, social psychologists have come to distinguish between two types of social influence; informational and normative (see conformity). Informational influence occurs when group members are persuaded by the content of what they read or hear to accept an opinion; Sherif's study appears to be an example ...