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Reabsorption allows many useful solutes (primarily glucose and amino acids), salts and water that have passed through Bowman's capsule, to return to the circulation. These solutes are reabsorbed isotonically , in that the osmotic potential of the fluid leaving the proximal convoluted tubule is the same as that of the initial glomerular filtrate.
Reabsorption is a two-step process beginning with the active or passive extraction of substances from the tubule fluid into the renal interstitium (the connective tissue that surrounds the nephrons), and then the transport of these substances from the interstitium into the bloodstream.
Sodium (Na +), potassium (K +) and chloride (Cl −) ions are reabsorbed by active transport. The predominant mechanism of active transport in this segment is through the Na + /K + /Cl − co-transporter NKCC2 as well as the sodium/hydrogen exchanger NHE3. [4] In total this segment accounts for approximately 25–30% of total Na + reabsorption ...
Sodium (Na +), potassium (K +) and chloride (Cl −) ions are reabsorbed from the urine by secondary active transport by a Na–K–Cl cotransporter (NKCC2). The electrical and concentration gradient drives more reabsorption of Na +, as well as other cations such as magnesium (Mg 2+) and calcium (Ca 2+). Cortical thick ascending limb
Most of the reabsorption (65%) occurs in the proximal tubule. In the latter part it is favored by an electrochemical driving force, but initially it needs the cotransporter SGLT and the Na-H antiporter. Sodium passes along an electrochemical gradient (passive transport) from the lumen into the tubular cell, together with water and chloride ...
Over 150 liters of fluid enter the glomeruli of an adult every day: 99% of the water in that filtrate is reabsorbed. Reabsorption occurs in the renal tubules and is either passive, due to diffusion, or active, due to pumping against a concentration gradient. Secretion also occurs in the tubules and collecting duct and is active.
The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that physically connect nephrons to a minor calyx or directly to the renal pelvis.The collecting duct participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone).
Renal glucose reabsorption is the part of kidney (renal) physiology that deals with the retrieval of filtered glucose, preventing it from disappearing from the body through the urine. If glucose is not reabsorbed by the kidney, it appears in the urine, in a condition known as glycosuria .