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Air changes are often cited as a means of preventing condensation in houses with forced ventilation systems often rated 3–5 ACH though without referencing the size of the house. However, where ACH is already greater than 0.75 a forced ventilation system is unlikely to be of use at controlling condensation and instead insulation or heating are ...
Diagramatic operation of a thermal wheel Ljungström Air Preheater by Swedish engineer Fredrik Ljungström (1875–1964). A thermal wheel, also known as a rotary heat exchanger, or rotary air-to-air enthalpy wheel, energy recovery wheel, or heat recovery wheel, is a type of energy recovery heat exchanger positioned within the supply and exhaust air streams of air-handling units or rooftop ...
Since many of the variables, including ceiling height, people and processes, solar gain, and outside weather conditions cannot be controlled, the most common technologies used are related to the building's HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) system.
Displacement ventilation systems supply air directly to the occupied zone.The air is supplied at low velocities to cause minimal induction and mixing. This system is used for ventilation and cooling of large high spaces, such as auditorium and atria, where energy may be saved if only the occupied zone is treated rather than trying to control the conditions in the entire space.
Demand control ventilation is an attractive alternative to standard design in these situations because DCV systems only supply the outdoor airflow necessary to serve the occupants in a space. Therefore, the above-described energy is not wasted in this system type.
A ventilation study can be done using wind tunnel investigation (experimentally) or by CFD modeling (theoretically). Natural ventilation system may be preferred over the forced ventilation system in some applications, as it eliminates or reduces the mechanical ventilation system, which may provide both fan energy and first-cost savings.