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Docusate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Salts of this anion, especially docusate sodium , are widely used in medicine as an emollient laxative and as stool softeners , by mouth or rectally. [ 1 ]
Structure of sodium sulfosuccinate esters. Sodium sulfosuccinate esters are organic compounds with the formula NaO 3 SCH(CO 2 R')CH 2 CO 2 R where R and R' can be H or alkyl groups. They comprise a large class of surfactants and emulsifiers used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and cleaning agents. They are colorless salts.
It is a key intermediate raw material in the production of dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS, docusate) salts, used medically as laxatives and stool softeners, and in many other applications as versatile surfactants. [2] [3] [4]
The apparent theory was that the surfactants isolate droplets of oil, making it easier for petroleum-consuming microbes to digest the oil. The active ingredient in Corexit is dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS), sorbitan monooleate (Span 80), and polyoxyethylenated sorbitan monooleate . [27] [28]
A notable surfactant that has been witnessed to form vesicles is AOT (Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt). These micelles and vesicles are relatively new discoveries; however, they have been utilized to transport agents within microfluidic systems, [46] revealing future applications for microfluidic transports. [47]
Salt metathesis is often employed to obtain salts that are soluble in organic solvents. Illustrative is the conversion of sodium perrhenate to the tetrabutylammonium salt: [2] NaReO 4 + N(C 4 H 9) 4 Cl → N(C 4 H 9) 4 [ReO 4] + NaCl. The tetrabutylammonium salt precipitates from the aqueous solution. It is soluble in dichloromethane.
Dulcolax Stool Softener, a trade name of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, a common ingredient in products such as laxatives Dulcolax SP Drops, a trade name of sodium picosulfate , a stimulant laxative drug.
The sulfonic acid is subsequently neutralized with sodium hydroxide. [1] The term "linear" refers to the starting alkenes rather than the final product, perfectly linear addition products are not seen, in-line with Markovnikov's rule. Thus, the alkylation of linear alkenes, even 1-alkenes such as 1-dodecene, gives several isomers of ...