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In the 19th century, slavery in Puerto Rico was increased, as the Spanish, facing economic decline with the loss of all of its colonial territories in the Americas aside from Cuba and Puerto Rico, established and expanded sugar cane production in the island. Since 1789, slaves in Puerto Rico were allowed to earn or buy their freedom.
Puerto Rico passed the Civil Rights Act of Puerto Rico in 1943. [ 9 ] In 1945, Eric Williams wrote that like the Virgin Islands , There was an "absence of legal discrimination" in Puerto Rico, further stating that "Children of all colors meet on equal terms in the public schools, though discrimination is prevalent in private schools, even those ...
Descendants of former Puerto Rican slaves in 1898, the year the United States invaded Puerto Rico. Ramón Power y Giralt was a Puerto Rican naval hero, a captain in the Spanish navy who had risen to become president of the Spanish Courts. Power Y Giralt was among the delegates who proposed that slavery be abolished in Puerto Rico.
Puerto Ricans (Spanish: Puertorriqueños), [12] [13] most commonly known as Boricuas, [a] [14] but also occasionally referred to as Borinqueños, Borincanos, [b] or Puertorros, [c] [15] are an ethnic group native to the Caribbean archipelago and island of Puerto Rico, and a nation identified with the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico through ancestry, culture, or history.
The Catholic Church accepted Africans as God's children, which is what led to the slaves being baptized. The Catholic Church mandated marriage between slaves in Latin America. This treatment of slaves differs greatly from the United States' treatment of slaves because, in the United States, marriage between slaves was outlawed.
Slaves were brought to Puerto Rico from Africa starting in 1513 and through the 18th century to replace the local native "Indian" slaves who had been decimated. [3] The new slaves worked the coffee, sugar cane, and gold mining industries in Puerto Rico. During the 18th century, as gold mining ceased to be one of the major industries in Puerto ...
It also freed slaves who served in the Spanish army (particularly those who fought in the Ten Years' War in Cuba), slaves over 60 years old (along with slaves who turned 60 thereafter), and slaves who were owned by the Spanish government. The Spanish government compensated slave owners 125 pesetas for each slave emancipated under the Moret Law ...
However, in the Spanish colonies of Cuba and Puerto Rico, where sugarcane production was highly profitable based on slave labor, African slavery persisted until 1873 in Puerto Rico "with provisions for periods of apprenticeship", [356] and 1886 in Cuba. [357]