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They also showed why lifespan scales as the + 1 ⁄ 4 power and heart rate as the - 1 ⁄ 4 power. Blood flow (+ 3 ⁄ 4) and resistance (-3 ⁄ 4) scale in the same way, leading to blood pressure being constant across species. [37] Hu and Hayton in 2001 discussed whether the basal metabolic rate scale is a 2 ⁄ 3 or 3 ⁄ 4 power of body mass.
A proportion is a mathematical statement expressing equality of two ratios. [1] [2]: =: a and d are called extremes, b and c are called means. Proportion can be written as =, where ratios are expressed as fractions.
Two variables are inversely proportional (also called varying inversely, in inverse variation, in inverse proportion) [2] if each of the variables is directly proportional to the multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the other, or equivalently if their product is a constant. [3]
Quizlet is a multi-national American company that provides tools for studying and learning. [1] Quizlet was founded in October 2005 by Andrew Sutherland, who at the time was a 15-year old student, [ 2 ] and released to the public in January 2007. [ 3 ]
A survivorship curve is a graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group (e.g. males or females). Survivorship curves can be constructed for a given cohort (a group of individuals of roughly the same age) based on a life table. There are three generalized types of survivorship curves: [1]
Order of magnitude is a concept used to discuss the scale of numbers in relation to one another. Two numbers are "within an order of magnitude" of each other if their ratio is between 1/10 and 10. In other words, the two numbers are within about a factor of 10 of each other. [1] For example, 1 and 1.02 are within an order of magnitude.
[1] [2] [3] Equal quotients correspond to equal ratios. A statement expressing the equality of two ratios is called a proportion. Consequently, a ratio may be considered as an ordered pair of numbers, a fraction with the first number in the numerator and the second in the denominator, or as the value denoted by this fraction.
[1] [2] [3] In contrast, microevolution is evolution occurring within the population(s) of a single species. In other words, microevolution is the scale of evolution that is limited to intraspecific (within-species) variation, while macroevolution extends to interspecific (between-species) variation. [ 4 ]